On April 25, General Secretary Xi Jinping hosted a symposium on rural reform in Xiaogang Village, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, and delivered an important speech. In his speech, he stressed: "To develop modern agriculture, we should focus on building a modern agricultural industry system, production system and management system on the basis of stabilizing grain production and ensuring national food security, accelerate the construction of professional peasants and form a contingent of high-quality agricultural producers and managers." Learning and implementing the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech, paying attention to "four security" and building "eight systems" are of great and far-reaching practical significance for speeding up the transformation of development mode and developing modern agriculture. To Promote Agricultural Modernization, Efforts should be Made to Solve the "Four Security" Problem

First, ensuring the supply of agricultural products and food security is the primary goal of promoting agricultural modernization.

       From the current and future situation, to ensure supply and security is facing two major challenges: increasing resource and environment constraints and rising production and operation costs. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the new situation of domestic resource conditions, the pattern of grain supply and demand, and the changes of international trade environment, and to construct and implement the national food security strategy under the new situation, so as to ensure the supply of agricultural products and food security. Firstly, we should implement the requirements of "five sentences and twenty words", i.e. "self-centered, domestic-based, ensuring production capacity, moderate import and scientific and technological support"; secondly, we should achieve the goal of "two sentences and twelve words", i.e., basic self-sufficiency of grain and absolute safety of rations; thirdly, we should grasp and handle the quantity and quality, current and long-term well. Far two relationships.

Secondly, improving the quality of agricultural products and food safety level is an important task to promote agricultural modernization.

From the point of view of the quality and safety requirements of agricultural products, the main problems are the production links of agricultural products, including environmental pollution of agricultural production, excessive agricultural chemical inputs, unscientific use and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to plan scientifically and take effective measures to control land, water, environment, fertilizer and additives. From the point of view of food safety requirements, the main reason is that there are many production and operation subjects, and supervision is difficult. At present, more than 200 million farmers produce agricultural products, 400,000 food processing enterprises process agricultural products, and 3 million workshops operate and sell agricultural products. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of food safety supervision, we should improve the supervision system and the supervision system, perfect the laws and regulations and technical standards system, strengthen the management responsibility and the responsibility of the main body of production and operation.

Third, the protection of resources, environment and ecological security is the fundamental requirement of promoting agricultural modernization.

At present, the main problems facing the construction of agricultural ecological civilization are: overexploitation of resources, aggravation of environmental pollution and degradation of ecosystem. Therefore, we should adhere to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, take the road of civilized development of production development, well-off life and good ecology, and promote the sustainable development and green development of agriculture. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, we should focus on the implementation of the plan for harnessing outstanding problems of agricultural environment and sustainable development of agriculture, develop resource-saving and environment-friendly agriculture, economize, intensify and recycle land, water and energy resources, carry out in-depth action plans for the prevention and control of atmospheric, water and soil pollution, and implement mountain, water and energy-friendly agriculture. Forest, field and lake ecological protection and restoration projects, promote desertification, rocky desertification, soil erosion control.

Fourthly, improving agricultural competitiveness and ensuring industrial security are important ways to promote agricultural modernization.

According to the requirements of improving agricultural competitiveness, China's resource utilization and labor productivity are relatively low, and there is a big gap with developed countries. China uses 30% of the labor force to create 9% of the agricultural output value, and the United States uses 2% of the labor force to create 2% of the agricultural output value. In addition, China's agricultural labor productivity is far lower than industrial labor productivity, and the gap between industrial and agricultural labor productivity is widening. From the current situation, the price of large-scale agricultural products in China is generally higher than that in the international market, and the impact of imports of major agricultural products is greater. Therefore, on the one hand, we should accelerate the transformation of agricultural development mode, cultivate new impetus for agricultural development, expand new space for agricultural development, and focus on improving agricultural quality and efficiency; on the other hand, we should conform to the development trend of China's economic integration into the world economy, enrich the connotation of agricultural opening-up, and improve the opening-up water of agriculture to the outside world. Ping, enhance China's comprehensive agricultural production capacity and market competitiveness. Efforts should be made to build and improve the eight systems“
Optimize the structure of agricultural production and regional distribution, and build and improve the modern agricultural production system and industrial system. First of all, we should change the development concept, innovate development ideas, scientifically determine the level of self-sufficiency of major agricultural products, and rationally arrange the development priorities of agricultural industry. Secondly, we should further promote the adjustment of agricultural structure, promote the development of food, economy, feed, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, cultivation and feeding, and the integration of secondary and tertiary industries. Thirdly, to promote the development of new industries and new formats, we should gradually form leading products, leading industries and high-quality production areas, develop one village, one township, one industry, one county and one garden, and improve the comprehensive benefits of agriculture.
We should innovate the main body and mode of agricultural management, and build and improve the modern agricultural management system and service system. First, we should cultivate and develop diversified business entities, cultivate new types of professional farmers, and promote the common development of family management, collective management, cooperative management and enterprise management. Secondly, we should guide the orderly circulation of land contractual management rights, and develop various forms of large-scale management through circulation, stock ownership and trusteeship. Thirdly, we should develop public welfare social service organizations and operational social service organizations, and carry out agricultural equipment, technology, capital, standards, brand services. Fourth, we should promote the extension of producer services to specialization and high-end value chain, and promote the expansion of agricultural science and technology services from production-oriented to service-oriented. Fifth, we must implement the "Internet +" action to promote the integration of Internet and agriculture, and promote the business model innovation of industrial organizations.
Strengthen the development driven by agricultural science and technology innovation, and build and improve the modern agricultural science and technology innovation system and technology extension system. First, we should give full play to the driving and leading role of scientific and technological innovation in the construction of modern agriculture, so that scientific and technological innovation and technological research and development can adapt to the characteristics of agriculture, conform to the reality of rural areas and meet the needs of farmers; second, we should strengthen the dominant position and leading role of enterprise agricultural innovation to promote the industrialization, commercialization and marketization of agricultural scientific and technological achievements; In accordance with the requirements of technology application, economic rationality and promotion, we should vigorously develop modern seed industry technology, agricultural mechanization and information technology, new fertilizer and pesticide film technology, resource recycling technology, quality improvement and efficiency enhancement technology, cost-saving technology, storage and transportation of agricultural products and processing technology.
Make overall use of "two kinds of resources and two markets" to construct and improve the regulation and control system of modern agricultural market and the open system to the outside world. First of all, we should adhere to three basic principles: coordination of domestic and foreign demand for agricultural products, balance of import and export; equal emphasis on both import and export of agricultural products, investment and technology; active participation in the governance of global grain and agricultural affairs and regulation of supply and demand of agricultural products, so as to enhance China's voice in global grain and agricultural affairs and the formation of agricultural prices. Secondly, we should focus on implementing the "four measures". First, we should strengthen the construction of brand marketing network and after-sales service network of agricultural products to promote high-quality and high-price trade in agricultural products, good entry and good exit; second, we should support enterprises to expand foreign investment in agriculture and promote the export of agricultural equipment, technology, standards, brands and services; and third, we should deepen integration and integration. Global agricultural industry chain, value chain, supply chain, logistics chain, to build a number of transnational agricultural enterprises and overseas agricultural production bases; Fourth, to promote the process of multilateral agricultural trade and investment negotiations, and actively participate in the formulation of global agricultural trade rules and agricultural investment rules.
Source: Farmer's Daily